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Jack the Ripper
Jack the Ripper is the name of an English serial killer of the late nineteenth century, whose identity was never established. The nickname on the world may be with the murderer himself, but more likely from the imagination of a journalist. Jack the Ripper brutally murdered five prostitutes in the poor neighborhood of Whitechapel, in London in 1888. The mystery surrounding the identity and motives of the killer (or killers) has intrigued many investigators and inspired many writers and artists.
The origin of the mystery
The first murder was that of Mary Ann Nichols, found in throat cutting and ripped a street in Whitechapel on 31 August 1888. The last, with a degree of horror from crescendo, is that of Mary Jane Kelly was found horribly mutilated in her room on November 9 of that year.
The victims of Jack the Ripper had a common element of being prostitutes working for occasional Whitechapel (East End), one of the poorest areas of London. With the exception of the last, aged just 25 years, most were older women around the quarantine.
The number and nature of the victims are still an enigma to investigators why the killer chose it prostitutes? Why stop there after the fifth murder? Why this last murder took place there in such conditions?
Procedure
The first four crimes took place in public or semi-public sidewalks or courses of buildings. Indeed, at the time, acts of prostitution had no place at the hotel or in private apartments, but during the night in a court building or in a private passage between two buildings, even after a deadlock.
The victims were throat cutting, probably from behind, then the Ripper opened the abdomen and withdrawing the viscera (intestines, kidneys, uterus), then arrange for the body or on the go. Some were sent to the police, accompanied by Letters of Jack. " The precision with which the victims were eviscerated and the fact that the killings took place at night in unlit places, indicate that the killer had a certain expertise or surgical slaughter, or at least, a good culture that enabled him d 'study of anatomy books.
One of his victims, Elizabeth Stride, was throat cutting, but not eviscerated: analysts believe that Jack the Ripper was probably unable to act his term.
The last victim, Mary Jane Kelly, was right in contrast to a "treatment" particular. Probably because it was the only one to be killed in a confined space (the murder took place in the room she rented in Miller's Court), it was totally eviscerated (their bodies were scattered around her in her apartment and his heart was never found) and almost demembre.Par against her clothes and sheets were folded and stored.
The victims
* The official victims: Mary Ann Nichols, Annie Chapman, Elizabeth Stride, Catherine Eddowes and Mary Jane Kelly.
* The alleged victims of Jack the Ripper: Alice McKenzie, known as "Clay Pipe", born around 1849, found throat cutting on 17 July 1889 in Castle Alley and Frances Coles, called "Carrotty Nell, born circa 1865, found the throat cut February 13 1891 to Swallows Gardens. On 7 August 1888 in the morning, three weeks before the first murder "official", another prostitute Marta Tabram was found stabbed 39 knife wounds and a blow to another weapon that is assumed to be a dagger at first floor of a building the George Yard Building, located almost at the geographic center of the other five murders "official" Jack the Ripper. According to the autopsy report, the murderer was hard on the stomach, breasts and genitals. There is no evidence that Jack the Ripper was the killer, but police at the time believed strongly.
The facts "interesting" are: the victim (a prostitute), the relentlessness of the aggressor and place the weapon used. There was no mutilation. However, the five murders of Jack the Ripper from crescendo in horror, it comes first.
* The victims unlikely: Annie Milwood, victim of an assault on 25 February 1888, hospitalized and died on 3 March 1888, Ada Wilson, victim of an assault on 28 March 1888, she survived and Elizabeth Jackson, whose prostitute body was discovered, fragmented, in the Thames between 31 May and 25 June 1889.
Mary Ann Nichols, known as "Polly"
Walker was born on August 26 1845 in London, married to William Nichols and mother of five children, she was separated from her husband since 1882. She was killed on the night of August 31 1888 at the age of 43 and incinerated in the cemetery in Ilford on 6 September 1888.
His body was found between 3 hours 30 minutes and 3 hours 45 am in Buck's Row, throat cut, language and lacerated abdomen cut and her genitals were cut deeply. The autopsy also revealed that the killer was a left-handed, a fact that was later denied by many criminologists.
The newspapers of the day, every day filled with stories of women murdered, mutilated or burned alive, considered this as "strange", thus putting his finger on the particularity of the modus operandi of the killer.
Annie Chapman, known as "Dark Annie"
Eliza Ann Smith was born in September 1841 in London, married to John Chapman in 1869 and mother of two daughters, she was killed on September 8 1888 Saturday morning in a courtyard of number 29 of Hanbury Street. She was cremated on 14 September 1888 in Manor Park.
His body was found lying on the ground, his throat cut and his head almost separated from the body. The stomach was open and intestines deposited on the right shoulder of the victim, while the vagina, uterus and two thirds of the bladder had been removed. At his feet, was discovered a few coins and a paper envelope bearing the date August 20.
A witness, a resident of the building said they heard a woman shouting "no" but admitted not having had the courage to look out the window. The next day, a girl told police she had seen a few houses away, a puddle of blood that police said was probably a trace left by the killer as he carried the bodies from the victim.
A few days later, police arrested a butcher Jewish neighborhood, John Pizer, based on the fact that a piece of leather apron was found at the crime scene. It was soon determined that this piece of leather had no connection with the crime: it belonged to a tenant of the building, which had been washed and dried. Pizer, however, was imprisoned for two days to allow the police to clear himself in the eyes of the crowd who wanted to lynch.
From that moment, the killer was described as fanatical or denies sexual maniac, without any knowledge of anatomy. The only indication came from some witnesses who claimed they saw the victims talking with a man carrying a small suitcase and a black hat high-forme.Il also said he is limping
Elizabeth Stride, known as "Long Liz"
Gustafsdotter Born November 27 1843 in Torslanda, district of Gothenburg (Sweden), mother of two children and divorced in 1876 by John Thomas Stride, she was found dead on September 30 1888. His body was discovered in the courtyard of Club Berner by a certain Louis Diemschutz. She was cremated in East London Cemetery.
His body was discovered in the courtyard of a building where Jews and Germans. She did a deep gash in the throat, according to the testimony of a check, blood still flowing in when discovered.
According to some experts, this murder, which occurred shortly before the next in a remote location can not be the work of Jack the Ripper. It is awarded. In addition, the victim was not strangled but directly and throat cutting weapon, a knife blade wide and short and poorly sharpened, is different from that used for the other four victims, a knife blade long and very thin well sharpened. The same type of knife used to brutally kill and maim Catherine Eddowes approximately forty-five minutes later. The assassin would have used the same type of weapon for the first two victims and would have changed for the third to return to the first choice for the fourth (45 minutes) and the fifth. It is more likely that Elizabeth Stride was the victim of an assassin "casual", as many prostitutes at the time. A witness, Israel Swartz, saw being attacked by a drunken man who was thrown to the ground in screams of abuse, especially against a witness. What seems not to match the mode of attack of Jack the Ripper. In view of overlap testimony from the police, the drunken man is very likely the killer.
Catherine Eddowes, known as "Kate Conway
Born April 14 1842 at Wolverhampton (Staffordshire), she had three children of his companion Thomas Conway. Killed Sept. 30 in 1888, she was horribly mutilated and found in a public park, Miter Square.
Catherine Eddowes was subject to a true martyr, probably because Jack was unable to complete his "work" on Elizabeth Stride (if we accept the argument that the latter was killed by Jack the Ripper). She was found lying in a pool of blood, stomach open. The victim was completely disfigured, nose and left ear cut, his face marked with a large knife V. The body was nearly decapitated, open "like a pig in shoplifting, stomach and intestines placed on the right shoulder, cut the liver, kidney and uterus removed.
Mary Jane Kelly, known as "Ginger"
Born around 1863-1864 in the city or county of Limerick in Ireland, Davies widow, she was murdered on Friday, 9 November 1888 at about 3 am to 13, Miller's Court. His remains were cremated at St Patrick's Catholic cemetery in London.
According to the autopsy report, the latest murder exceeded all other in horror:
"The body is lying in the middle of the bed, shoulders flat, but the axis of the body is slightly tilted to the left side, the head turned on the left cheek. The left arm is located along the body, with the forearm bent at right angles and based across the abdomen. The right arm, somewhat detached from the body, is on the mattress, while the forearm, placed on the abdomen, left fingers tight spot. The legs are far apart, the left leg forming a right angle with the trunk, while the right thigh draws a obtuse angle with the pubis. All the outer surface of the abdomen and thighs was torn, while the viscera were removed from the abdominal cavity. The breasts are cut at their base, arms maimed many knife wounds and irregular face is totally unrecognizable. The tissue of the neck were cut to the bone. The viscera were scattered everywhere: the uterus, kidneys and a breast located below the head, the other breast, near the right foot, the liver between the feet, the intestines on the right side of the body; spleen to the left of the body flaps of flesh of the abdomen and thighs were stacked on a table, the heart was removed and was not recovered."
Annie Millwood
Born around 1850, victim of an assault on 25 February 1888 in White's Row, resulting in his hospitalization for multiple injuries in the legs and body. She left the hospital and died as a result of his injuries on 3 March 1888.
Ada Wilson
Born around 1868, a victim of aggression occurred on 28 March 1888 at her home 19 Maiden Street, which she survived.
Martha Tabram called "Emma Turner"
White born on 10 May 1849 in London, wife of Henry Samueli separate Tabram it were 2 son, was murdered on 7 August 1888 in George Yard. His body was found Larde of 39 knife wounds. It is seen by some as a possible victim of Jack the Ripper, given the location, date and circumstances of his death. However, it has been neither cut nor throat cutting, unlike other victims (Eddowes excepted). Doubts remain, however, because changes in the severity of injuries of victims of Jack the Ripper 'behavior indicates a psychological profile of serial killers and to suggest that Martha Tabram was murdered by the famous Whitechapel killer.
Jackson said Elizabeth "Lizzie"
The body of the prostitute Sloane Square, born March 18 1865, was found in pieces in the Thames between 31 May and 25 June 1889.
The nickname
"Jack the Ripper" is a nickname that can come from a journalist or, less likely, by Jack himself.
The nickname Jack, selected by history, finds its origin in a letter called Dear Boss, received on 27 September 1888 by the Central News Agency and signed Jack The Ripper. It is not authenticated as the killer's hand, it is considered possible that this is a hoax or an attempt to accentuate the impact of the case.
Some argue that this nickname comes from a journalist from the Star, named Bert, who wanted to make its articles more "crispy" and decided to name the killer.
The pseudonym Jack the Ripper has remained that the Scotland Yard letter reproduced in newspapers, hoping that someone would recognize the writing and would thus identify the killer.
Awareness
Compared to other serial killers, Jack the Ripper has only few victims. Several reasons may explain its reputation. At the time, newspapers were booming and engaged in fierce battle seeking sensationalism. Then the hard work and skill of the killer on his victims were particularly impressive: few people who might kill, behead and eventrer a woman with such savagery and at the same time in such detail. The agility of Jack the Ripper has also contributed to its fame.
Several other factors have enabled the assassin to enter the annals of crime and in the collective memory. The most remarkable is certainly the use of media by the Ripper himself, is new at the time. Many letters were received by newspapers and the police and these letters have caused a snowball effect that propelled the criminal misdeeds of the headlines for several months. People passion that has resulted was sustained by the repeated failures of the Metropolitan Police (Scotland Yard). Thereafter, it was suggested that most of the letters signed in letters of blood 'Your humble servant Jack the Ripper' is not on the criminal but probably a journalist from Star, named Bert, in order to raise prints. The diversity of styles of the letters adds to the confusion and mystery thickens further.
Another element is the mystery that continues even today to surround the personality of Jack: the Metropolitan Police has never put his hand on the murderer or even a credible suspect. Speculation that have never stopped since the first day, continue to generate interest.
Finally, the East End of London, sink misery in a sprawling capital, stimulates the imagination with its dark alleys, its promiscuity, its wealth underworld, its air unhealthy for diseases and fog, One of many aspects of the Industrial Revolution.
Indices
After the double crime of September 30, police inspected the scene to find clues or witnesses. Around 3 am, an inspector appointed Alfred Long discovered a piece of bloodstained apron in Goulston Street, about ten minutes walk from the place where Catherine Eddowes was murdered. Seeking other indices, Long then discovered an inscription on a wall near the piece of apron. The text was: "The Juwes are the men That Will not be Blamed for nothing" ( "The Jews will not be charged for nothing"). Long assumed that the recording was recent, because otherwise, one of many people living in the apartment neighbors would have erased. In order not to arouse anti-Semitic movements, registration was immediately recorded and then deleted.
The "ripperologues have however noted a strange correlation between poor spelling of Juwes instead of Jews (Jews) and the name of Jubelum (apprentice from Hiram), met in the holy book of Freemasons. It was inferred that Jack the Ripper was either Freemason, or at least close to them.
Read also Mark David Chapman
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