(Jrt)
Hercules
Heracles (in ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς / Herakles), his first name Alcide, son of Zeus and a mortal, is one of the most revered heroes of ancient Greece. Greek mythology lends him a great many adventures that are travel around the world experienced Dorien then across the Mediterranean from the expansion of the great Greece, to Hades, and whose most famous are twelve work. It is already in Homer, reflecting the seniority of his heroic gesture.
It is the Roman Hercules, with whom he is often confused, though qu'Hercule is sometimes less violent than his alter ego Greek and knows some specific adventures in Italy.
It is interesting to bring the Babylonian epic of Gilgamesh: Some authors establish an affiliation between the epic of Gilgamesh, The Glory of Uruk, in Mesopotamia drafted the eighteenth century BC. AD, and the myth of Hercules, The Glory of Hera, recorded by Homer in the eighth century BC. AD before Jesus Christ. Indeed, the similarity is striking between Gilgamesh, king of Uruk, two-thirds god and one third human, making a series of works to bring to immortality, and Hercules, "Glory of Hera" half god and half man, making twelve labors which in turn will lead to immortality.
Myth
Conception and birth
Hercules was born in Thebes of Zeus and Alcmene, wife of King Amphitryon. The king of the gods had decided to have a son able to help both men and gods. Taking advantage of the absence of the husband in the war against Taphiens and Teleboeans, Zeus descends from Olympus and, taking the appearance of Amphitryon, with layer after Alcmene persuaded Helios, god of the sun, not to stand for three days, making his last night with the wife of Amphitryon. In the same night, Alcmene is also visited by her husband to return campaign.
While she will give birth, Zeus promised that the unborn child that day reign over all its neighbors. To avenge her husband's infidelities, Hera delaying the issuance of Alcmene retaining the Ilithyes, goddesses of birth; itself pre-term birth Eurysthea, son of King Sthenelos Argos. Thus Eurysthée receives royalty of Argolis in place of Heracles. Alcmène can give birth, giving birth to two children: Hercules, son of Zeus, and Iphicles, son of Amphitryon.
Children
Shortly after the birth of Hercules, Hermes abducts the child and place it in the bed of Hera asleep: no son of Zeus can become immortal if he does head to the goddess within. Hungry, the toddler approached it and begins to suckle. Waking up, Hera saw the child and outrage, the regrowth; milk divine spreads through the sky, trailing white, the Milky Way. In another version, Alcmene abandons her child for fear of revenge of Hera. Athena convinced that breastfeeding the baby, but sucking too goulument Heracles and Athena must make his mother.
So Heracles is still a baby, Hera sends the snakes to kill, but it without strangling the difficulty. Alerted by the screams of women and Alcmène Amphitryon come and find the dead snakes. Amphitryon then convene the soothsayer Tiresias, who prophesies the deeds of heroes and its apotheosis.
In another version, Amphitryon deposits itself snakes to discover which of the two children is hers and which is the son of Zeus. This story involves qu'Amphitryon be aware of the infidelity of his wife. On some vases of Great Greece, we see elsewhere stacking wood around an altar near where Alcmene fled; he prepares to put the fire when Zeus sends a flash to deter Amphitryon and two clouds for extinguish the flames.
According to some accounts, Heracles door first name Alcide (in Greek Ἀλκείδης / Alkeídes, derived from ἀλκή / alke, "strength, vigor"); Hera renamed the Hercules, ie "Glory of Hera", because it is because of him that the hero has gained its reputation. Alternatively, the Pythia of Delphi that counsels him to change his name after he killed his children, prompted by Hera who was nuts (see below) and took that name so after atoned propitiatory his crime. According to others, the original name of the hero is Alcea, referring to his paternal grandfather Alcea son of Perseus, the responsibility of the name change is then either the Sibylle or the Greeks.
Training
Like many Greek heroes, Hercules is a student of the centaur Chiron. Late sources give many masters: Castor (probably the Dioscuri) for the handling of weapons, Amphitryon for driving tanks, Eurytos or Rhadamante for archery.
Linos teaches literature and music Herakles and Orpheus. Unlike his half-brother, the hero is unruly and turbulent; struck by Linos, Heracles kills it off with stool or, depending on the version, with shots lyre. Heracles is accused of murder, then acquitted after having pleaded sentence Rhadamanthus enshrining the principle of self-defense. Because the spirit of Hercules and its lack of self-control become a threat, the Amphitryon away from the court. The hero is sent monitor their herds in the country where his upbringing was taken over by Teutoros a scythe cowherd who teaches him archery. He said already by its strength and stature it reaches the size of four cubits.
At Thespios
At 18, Hercules is invited by King Thespios, sovereign Thespis. Anxious to have the hero as father of her grandchildren, Thespios sends him every night one of its fifty girls; believes Heracles find the same girl and became the father of fifty son, Thespiades. In other versions, the feat was accomplished in seven nights, even a single night. In the latter story, one of the girls Thespios refuses to enter the layer of Hercules and is punishable by becoming a priestess of heroes and doomed to perpetual virginity. Here, Thespiades are among fifty-one, the eldest and youngest daughters of Thespios giving birth to twins.
According to one story, the primary reason for coming to Thespis of Hercules is the lion of Mount Citheron, which has ravaged flocks of Amphitryon and Thespios. Heracles slaughtered animal, the skin and covers the skin of his head as a helmet.
The war against Minyens
Periere, the driver of the tank Menecea (king of Thebes and father of Creon), was fatally wounded Clymenos, king of Orchomenos, by throwing a stone while he is in the sanctuary Onchestos during one Christmas Poseidon. Prior to expire, he promised his son, Erginos, to avenge. Erginos defeated King Creon and forced the latter to provide annually, and for twenty years, a hundred cattle herd. To collect this fee, Erginos annually sends a delegation.
After his exploits on Mount Citheron, Heracles back to Thebes and crosses the road of these emissaries. That will not bear the humiliation imposed on Creon, Heracles installment nose and ears to each of them and make a pendant; collectors are returned to the palace Erginos.
Furious, Erginos march against Thebes. Equipped with weapons provided by Athena, Hercules leads his own battle, and won the victory, despite the death of Amphitryon during the fighting. The hero requires Minyens Orchomenos to double the toll inflicted on Thebes.
The madness of Heracles
In recognition of his victory against Erginos, Creon gives Heracles the hand of his daughter Megara, he has several children: Alcaides. Their number varies from two to eight following the authors.
In the earliest version, Heracles crazy throws his children to fire. Upon awakening, Heracles returns home Thespios to be purified and then, after consulting the oracle at Delphi, will serve for Tiryns Eurysthea. This access of madness is generally attributed to Hera, who wants to force it to be at the service of Eurysthea.
According to Euripides, the episode is linked to the usurpation of the throne of Thebes by Lycos, son of DIRC. In the absence of Hercules, descended into Hades to seek Cerberus, Lycos murders Creon and his son. Upon his return, Heracles kills Creon. Struck by Iris and Lyssa (Madness), sent by Hera, the hero becomes the prey of a murderous rage that prompts him to kill her children, for those taking Eurysthea. Megara trying to save her children but she also joined the ranks of victims. Upon awakening, Heracles income lucid dream first suicide. Theseus, who has just arrived, convinces him not to do anything and took him to Athens.
Analytical Psychology
Carole Sedillot in the quest for itself: twelve labors of Hercules, conducted a search for meaning on this figure especially through that of Hercules.
The name of primitive man is the result of analytical psychology to describe unconscious mental processes, with a significance in the psyche of the subject. These processes are called archetypes.
"The aim of this book is to put in parallel, a new and original adventure mythical Hercules and its 12 work with the operation of the individuation process initiated by Carl Gustav Jung."
According to Carole Sedillot, the work itself is on a quest in which the patient encounter multiple tests:
"The meeting with itself and its evolution symbolically fulfilled by the tests, confrontations and victories experienced by the hero, which everyone can relate to. Jung explained the process leading to the attainment of self in search of the self, by juxtaposing with, among other areas, alchemy and the mandala. The personality of Hercules, half-god who won his immortality, in its divine and human perspective, lends itself to an individual seeking emotional balance and inner harmony. The route experiencing it chooses, making the 12 works, reflects his desire to experience intimacy of the discovery of deep me by the confrontation with its most obscure, revealing the content unconscious.
The structure, places, animals, opponents and types of fighting exposed in the 12 works surprisingly aligned with Jungian concepts: persona, shadow, anima-animus, Soi ... and offer the possibility to look different on the epic of the hero and his goal."
Remember that primitive man is present mainly in the animus of masculinity of women is what is called an archetype. But this is also the man.
The images and thoughts associated psychological and which identifies the woman, wholly or in part are positions through intellectual, psychological, emotional, actions unconsciously referring to a model which should be held: a Primitive man or report a primitive man.
This "man" is close to cultural models such as Tarzan, the athlete, Dionysos or course Heracles (Hercules).
Read also Ra (Sun God)
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